Torah

*TORAH*

_by Chhantea Aste_

*THUHMA*

Torah han tih tawp hian thil buaithlak deuh mai a awm a, awmze hrang hrang a awm thei a, a zim thei ang bera sawi chuan Mosia lehkhabu 5 te hi ani mai a, mahsela Tanach (OT kan tih hi) pumpui hi a huam thei bawk a, Tin, Judaism ah chuan Jewish Scriptures zawng zawng kha a huam vek a ni..

*TORAH CHIHNIH TE*

Kan sawi tak ang khan Torah chuan a huam zau em em mai a, Tanach mai bakah Jewish Writings (Torah lam hawi) zawng zawng kha a huam vek a ni.. *Torah* tih chu *Teachings, Instruction, Guidances* tihna ani mai a.. Judate/Israelte Inkaihhruaina ber ani.. Helenism period ah khan 250 BCE velah Tanach chu Greek tawnga Lehlin ani a, chu chu Septuagint tih a ni a, Tuna Kan Thuthlunghlui pawh hi Septuagint mila dah ani..Chutah chuan Chuan Torah tih chu *Dan* tihna anga lehlin ani a, tichuan Torah chu Dan tia lehlin zel alo ni ta a ni..

Tichuan Torah chu Chihnih a awm a, *Written Torah leh Oral Torah* tih an ni...

1. *WRITTEN TORAH*
Written Torah kan tih chuan Tanach bu pum hi a ni a, Tanach ah hian Lehkhabu 24 a awm a, Chung chu hlawm thumah then an ni leh bawk a..Tin, Septuagint leh Hebrew Tanach hi a bu inremdan hi a in anglo va, Septuagint hian Chronological Orderin a dah ni berin alang a, Tanach erawh chuan Categories in a then thung a ni.. Tin, Septuagint chuan Tanach hi Bu 39 laiin a dah a, Mahse Jewish Tanach ah chuan Bu 24 chauh a awm thung a ni..Achhan chu hetiang hian lo sawi ila.. Hebrew Tanach thendan chu..

i) _Torah_  (Gen - Deut)
ii) _Nevi'im_ (Prophets) hetah hian Septuagint a bumal anga dah 12 zet chu *The Twelve* emaw *Minor Prophets* tia dah niin Bukhatah siam a ni a..

iii) _Kethuvim_ (The Writings) hetah hian Ezra leh Nehemia hi Bukhat anga ziah a ni bawk a ni..

Tichuan avaiin bu 24 alo ni ta ani.. Septuagint chuan Malakia (Malachi) hi a dah hnuhnung ber a, Mahse Tanach ah chuan Chronicles hi a hnuhnung ber thung..

Torah huam chhungah hian Dan chihnih a awm leh a,

i) _Aseret HaDevarim_ (Dan sawm)

ii) _Mitzvot_ (Mosia Dan) ts an ni..

Tin, Aseret HaDevarim hi Hlawmhnihah then leh ani a, Mitzvot ah pawh hian Categories hrang hrang engemaw zat ah then an ni a, (A chiang deuh zawk a tarlan kan la tum dawn nia) tichuan, Mitzvot ah hian Positive Commands 365 leh Negative Commands 248 avaiin 613 a awm a ni.. Isua (Yah'shua) zirtirna tam ber pawh kha Mitzvot ami a lakchhawn hi a ni e..

Torah hi Savun lehkhazial ah ziah a ni a, chu chu Synagogue a, bawm *Ark* an tihah an dah thin a, Heta Ark hi Nova lawng (Ark) nen khan ngaihpawlh loh tur.. Nova long kha chu *teyvat* tih ani a, Lawng sawina ani.. Scrolls dahna Ark hi chu *aron Kodesh* tih ani a, chu chu *Bawm thianghlim/Pindan thianghlim* tihna ani..

Torah hi Kartin chhiar tur chi angin an thenhrang leh thliai thliai a, chu chu *Chumash* an ti bawk a ni..

*ORAL TORAH*

Heng Kan han sawi tak written Torah bakah hian Oral Torah a awm leh bawk a..Oral Torah kan tih chuan written Torah an sawifiahna te, leh a awmzia te, Anmahni ngaihdana a awmzia an lehchhuahna (Interpretion) te, leh Dan an hman dan (applying the Laws) te an ni mai a..Orthodox Jewish kan tih mai (Tunlaia Judaism Sakhaw khirhkhan ber khu a ni mai a, Judaism hi Pharisees kal zel kha a ni bawk e.. Hman remchanah 4 sects of Jewish people kan sawi dawn nia) ho khan an rindanah chuan *Pathian khan Mosia hnenah khan heng oral torah te hi a zirtir ngei niin an ring a, Tin, Ani(Mosia) chuan midang a hrilhchhawng zel a, vawiin thleng hian kan la inhlan chhawng zel ani* tiin an ring a ni.. Kum AD zabi 2 na hmalam kha chuan Oral Torah hi Tawngka a inhlanchhawn thurochhiah mai a ni a, Chung chu Ziaka dahin alo awm ta a, *Mishnah* tih alo ni ta a ni..

Kum zabi reilo te alo liam leh chuan Mishnah chu chipchiar taka sawifiahna leh sawizauna (Commentaries) te ziah alo ni chho zel a..Jerusalem ah leh Babulon (Babylon) ah te ziah ani a, Tin, Heng Commentaries te hi *GEMARA*  tih  a ni a.. *Gemara leh Mishnah chu Sawikawp nan TALMUD tih a ni*  5th Century AD khan Talmud hi zawh fel ani ta a ni..

Tichuan, Talmud Chihnih a awm a, *Jerusalem Talmud leh Babylonian Talmud* an ni a, Babylonian Talmud hian a huam zau zawk a, chuvangin A khawizawk nge sawilang lova, Talmud tih ringawt anih chuan Babylonian Talmud zawk hi a ni ta zel bawk a ni..

Tin, Talmud pawh chu Commentaries alo pian belh ve leh zel a.. Jewish Scholar Rabbhi Rashi leh Rambam te commentaries ang chi te hi.. Tichuan, Adin Steinsaltz chuan Ama commentary leh Gemara leh Rashi Commentary te nena dahna Talmud New Edition a rawn ti chhuak leh bawk a ni.

Mishnah chu Section ruk (6) ah then a ni a, *SEDARIM* tih an ni.. Chung Section tinte chuan division pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw an nei leh vek a, chu chu *MASEKHTOT*  tih ani a, Saptawng chuan *Tractases* tih ani a, mizotawng chuan Thenhrang tihna ani mai awm e.. Mishnah ah chuan Sections 6 (6 Sedarim) leh 63 Masekhtot a awm a.. Hetiangin..

1. *ZERA'IM* (Seeds) Agricultures chungchang dante.

i) Berakhot
ii) Peah
iii) Demai
iv) Kilayim
v) Shebiit
vi) Temmot
vii) Maaseret
viii) Maaser Sheni
ix) Challah
x) Orlah
xi) Bikkurim

2. *MO'ED* (Festival) Shabbat leh Festival chungchang
i) Shabbat
ii) Erubin
iii) Pesachim
iv) Sheqalim
v) Yoma
vi) Sukkah
vii) Besah
viii) Rosh Hashanah
ix) Taanit
x) Megillah
xi) Moed Qatan
xii) Hagigah

3. *NASHIM* (Women)  Inneih, inthen leh Inhual/thutiam chungchang
i) Yebamot
ii) Ketubot
iii) Nedarim
iv) Nazir
v) Sotah
vi) Gittin
vii) Qiddhushin

4. *NEZEKIN* (Damages) Hremna dan leh Sum leh Pai lam chungchang dan dangte.
i) Baba Qamma
ii) Baba Mesia
iii) Baba Batra
iv) Sanhedrin
v) Makkot
vi) Shabuot
vii) Eduyyot
viii) Avodah Zarah
ix) Avot (Pirkei Avot)
x) Horayot

5. *KODASHIM* (Holy things) Inthawina leh Temple chungchang
i) Zevachim
ii) Menachot
iii) Chullin
iv) Bekhorot
v) Arakhin
vi) Temurah
vii) Keritot
viii) Meilah
ix) Tamid
xi) Middot
xii) Qimmim

6. *TOHAROT* (Purities) Sakhuana a thianghlimna chungchang
i) Kelim
ii) Ohalot
iii) Nezaim
iv) Parah
v) Tohorat
vi) Miqvaot
vii) Niddah
viii) Makhshirin
ix) Zabim
x) Tebut-Yom
xi) Yedayim
xii) Uqsin.

*OTHER WRITINGS*

Heng zawng zawng bakah hian *Midrashim* a awm leh a, Hei hi Traditional stories ang ani ber ang chu.. Thawnthu chhuizauna leh Jewish Law chungchang emaw Nungkawng tha kawhhmuhna ani deuh ber mai.

e.g. *Engvangin nge Mosia kha thusawitu tha taka nih loh? Achhan chu Anaupan laiin A kaah lungalhthei a dah vang ani tih ang chi te..

Engvangin nge Davidan *Ka nun sualin mi pai a* (Psalm 51:5) a tih? Achhan chu Davida Nu Nizbeth kha a uire vang a ni.. tih ang chite ziahna ani ber awm e.. Kan hriatthiam dan tur chuan Bible a lang tawh si lo, an chanchin dang chhui belhn ani awm e..

Tin, Mystical Tradition *Kaballah* a awm leh hetah hian Primary Written Document chu *Zohar* a ni..

*CONCLUSION*

Torah chu alo tam khawp mai a, Heng zawng zawng Torah chhung thu ni lovin, Torah ruangam a inkhaidiat chhoh dan tlangpui chu a ni a, Torah hi bel taka zirtur chuan rei tak beih fe a ngai awm e.. Tin, A ropui khawp mai bawk a, Isua pawh hian Mipuite hnenah khan Torah hi a zirtir thin a ni.. Amah kha Torah zirchhuak nia ngaih a ni bawk a ni..

Tichuan, Patling Thankin zet tawhin, Pulpit chum dap dap a, *_Isuan Kross lerah Khan Dan a ti bang ta a, khawngaihna hnuaiah kan awm tawh zawk a ni_* a han tih vei pap2 hi chuan *Thil hi alo va han hriatloh thlak thin em aw* tih kan ngaihtuah thin, Mipui an han Amen tak ang dual dual phei phei chuan *Mitdel in mitdel vek a hruai a, khama tlakhlum mai hmabak* hi an ang ber hian ka hre thin...

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